Roger, the manager of a car dealership, finds it impossible to train his mechanics on the details of every potential repair problem because of the increasing complexity and variety of today's automobiles. Hence, he provides them with a training program to familiarize them with the basics of engine, emission, and other types of repair, and in case of a particular problem, seek expert advice through an online computer application program. Which of the following learning approaches is being implemented by Roger?

Roger, the manager of a car dealership, finds it impossible to train his mechanics on the details of every potential repair problem because of the increasing complexity and variety of today's automobiles. Hence, he provides them with a training program to familiarize them with the basics of engine, emission, and other types of repair, and in case of a particular problem, seek expert advice through an online computer application program. Which of the following learning approaches is being implemented by Roger?

A. Electronic performance support system
B. virtual reality-based simulation program
C. e-learning simulation
D.Myers-Briggs simulation program
E. experiential modeling program


Answer: A. electronic performance support system

Which of the following is a characteristic of task analysis?

Which of the following is a characteristic of task analysis?

A. It results in an assessment of employees' readiness for training
B. It is usually conducted along with person analysis
C. It helps in determining individuals' needs for training
D. It does not require knowledge of the work environment
E. It is independent of time constraints or deadlines


Answer: B. It is usually conducted along with person analysis

Identify the profession that would typically employ interns:

Identify the profession that would typically employ interns:

A. carpenter
B. journalist
C. bricklayer
D. plumber
E. welder


Answer: B. journalist

Needs assessment usually begins with______

Needs assessment usually begins with______

A. task analysis
B. organization analysis
C. person analysis
D. competitor analysis
E. market analysis


Answer: B. organization analysis

_____ refers to a process of systematically developing training to meet specified needs.

_____ refers to a process of systematically developing training to meet specified needs.

A. simulation
B. instructional design
C. recruitment
D. role play
E. organization analysis


Answer: B. instructional design

Which of the following distinguishes an apprenticeship from an internship?

Which of the following distinguishes an apprenticeship from an internship?

A. An apprenticeship is an unstructured training method, whereas an internship is a structured training method
B. An apprenticeship is sponsored by employee union, wheres an internship is sponsored by educational institutions
C. Most apprenticeship programs take place in white color professions, whereas most internship programs occur in blue-collar jobs
D. An apprenticeship does not provide an income, whereas an internship provides an income while learning a trade
E. An apprenticeship is as on-the-job training method, whereas an internship is a classroom-based training method


Answer: B. An apprenticeship is sponsored by employee union, wheres an internship is sponsored by educational institutions

T/F: An experiential program is an example of a presentation method.

T/F: An experiential program is an example of a presentation method.

Answer: false

Cognitive ability is defined as the ability of a person to:

Cognitive ability is defined as the ability of a person to:

A. climb walls, complete rope courses, climb ladders, or make trust falls
B. collect information, organize it, and share it with one's team members
C. understand the skills of one's team members
D. express positive attitudes towards an organization's training programs
E. use written and spoken language, sole math problems, and use logic to solve problems


Answer: E. use written and spoken language, solve math problems, and use logic to solve problems

Which of the following forms of group building gives teams or work groups an actual problem, have them work on solving it and commit to an action plan, and holds them accountable for carrying out the plan?

Which of the following forms of group building gives teams or work groups an actual problem, have them work on solving it and commit to an action plan, and holds them accountable for carrying out the plan?

A. action learning
B. virtual reality
C. simulations
D. self-directed learning
E. business games


Answer: A. action learning

Which of the following statements is true of apprenticeship?

Which of the following statements is true of apprenticeship?

A. apprenticeship is completely devoid of any presentations training methods
B. Apprentices can earn an income while learning a trade
C. Apprenticeship does not offer hands-on learning and practice
D. Apprenticeship cannot be sponsored by institutes or groups outside of the firm
E. Apprenticeships is mostly used for teaching management and interpersonal skills


Answer: B. Apprentices can earn income wile learning a trade

T/F: Training refers to any planned effort by a firm to facilitate the learning of job-related knowledge, skills, or behavior by employees.

T/F: Training refers to any planned effort by a firm to facilitate the learning of job-related knowledge, skills, or behavior by employees.

Answer: true

Information such as facts, techniques, and procedures that trainees can recall after training and skills, that trainees can demonstrate in tests are examples of ______

Information such as facts, techniques, and procedures that trainees can recall after training and skills, that trainees can demonstrate in tests are examples of ______

A. training improvements
B. transfer of training
C. training outcomes
D. training credits
E. return on investment on training


Answer: C. training outcomes

You manage a car dealership. Given the increasing complexity and variety of today's automobiles, it is impossible to train your mechanics on the details of every potential repair problem. So you provide the mechanics a training program to familiarize them with the basics of engine, emission, and other types of repair, and in case of a particular problem, seek expert advice through an online computer application program. This learning approach is known as a(n):

You manage a car dealership. Given the increasing complexity and variety of today's automobiles, it is impossible to train your mechanics on the details of every potential repair problem. So you provide the mechanics a training program to familiarize them with the basics of engine, emission, and other types of repair, and in case of a particular problem, seek expert advice through an online computer application program. This learning approach is known as a(n):

A. e-learning simulation

B. electronic performance support system.

C. experiential behavior modeling program.

D. virtual reality-based simulation program.

E. online help.


Answer: B. electronic performance support system

Identify the statement that accurately describes an avatar used in training by simulation

Identify the statement that accurately describes an avatar used in training by simulation

A. A computer depiction of employees that can be manipulated in an online role-play
B. A computer-based technology that provides an interactive three-dimensional learning experience
C. A computer-based technology that provides access to skills training, information, and expert advice when a problem occurs on the job
D. A computer application that conducts needs assessments for an organization
E. A computer application that automates the administration and delivery of a training program


Answer: A. A computer depiction of employees that can be manipulated in an online role-play

Which of the following is an example of an experiential training method?

Which of the following is an example of an experiential training method?

there are two questions each with different names but ask the same thing


A. Jane (or Mary), who is a cashier, being trained to stock shelves in case there is a shortage of employees
B. Katherine uses an online persona to make decisions in game simulation involving job-related situations
C. Hugh (or Jason) is asked to review videos of other employees exhibiting certain important behaviors related to the workplace
D. Jeffery (or Stan) and his colleagues take part in a rafting course sponsored by their company
E. Erin (or Jenna) and five other mangers are tasked to study a business problem and present recommendations


Answer: D. Jeffery and his colleagues take part in a rafting course sponsored by their company

Identify the type of diversity training provided by some organization that involves sending employees directly into communities where they have to interact with persons from different cultures, races, and nationalities

Identify the type of diversity training provided by some organization that involves sending employees directly into communities where they have to interact with persons from different cultures, races, and nationalities

A. cultural health
B. acculturation
C. cultural immersion
D. ethonology
E. community service


Answer: C. cultural immersion

T/F: Attending classes is a faster and more efficient method of learning new skills as compared to electronic performance support systems (EPSS).

T/F: Attending classes is a faster and more efficient method of learning new skills as compared to electronic performance support systems (EPSS).

Answer: false

The difference between adventure learning and cross-training is:

The difference between adventure learning and cross-training is:

A. adventure learning focuses on improving job-related skills of employees, while cross-training is focus on person's behaviors
B. adventure learning is easier but more expansive to conduct than cross-training
C. adventure learning is a team program, while cross-training is an experiential program
D. adventure learning helps team members understand themselves and each other, while cross-training helps team members learn each other's job roles
E. adventure learning is a team activity, while cross-training is an organization-wide activity


Answer: D. adventure learning helps team members understand themselves and each other, while cross-training helps team members learn each other's job

T/F: Putting together a request for a proposal for a training program is a quick process.

T/F: Putting together a request for a proposal for a training program is a quick process.

Answer: False

Which of the following is true of audiovisual training?

Which of the following is true of audiovisual training?

A. It is the best method to establish teams or work groups
B. It is an example of hands-on method of training
C. It can be carried out only in a classroom
D. It does not allow users any control over the presentation
E. It is not affected by an individual trainer's goals and skills


Answer: E. It is not affected by an individual trainer's goals and skills

T/F: Task analysis determines whether employees are ready to undergo training.

T/F: Task analysis determines whether employees are ready to undergo training.

Answer: false

Training designed to prepare employees to perform their jobs effectively, learn about the organization, and establish work relationships is known as:

Training designed to prepare employees to perform their jobs effectively, learn about the organization, and establish work relationships is known as:

A. orientation
B. benchmarking
C. sensitivity training
D. bumping
E. conditioning


Answer: A. orientation

Which of the following forms of experiential training is a teamwork and leadership training program that uses challenging, structured outdoor activities?

Which of the following forms of experiential training is a teamwork and leadership training program that uses challenging, structured outdoor activities?

A. adventure learning
B. behavior modeling
C. action learning
D. cross-training
E. coordination training


Answer: A. adventure learning

Team training in which team members understand and practice each other's skills so that they are prepared to step in and take another member's place is referred to as:

Team training in which team members understand and practice each other's skills so that they are prepared to step in and take another member's place is referred to as:

A. coordination training
B. behavior modeling
C. action learning
D. cross-training
E. experiential training


Answer: D. cross training

Diversity training programs that focus on behavior aim at:

Diversity training programs that focus on behavior aim at:

A. Increasing participants' awareness of cultural and ethnic differences as well as differences in personal and physical characteristics, such as disabilities
B. teaching employees to be effective at different tasks and roles
C. sending participants directly into communities where they interact with persons from different cultures, races, and nationalities
D. changing organizational policies and inivdidual conduct that inhibit employees' personal growth and productivity
E. making people aware of cultural differences and stereotypes


Answer: D. changing organizational policies and inivdidual conduct that inhibit employees' personal growth and productivity

T/F: If a concept involves more than five items, the training program should deliver information in shorter sessions or chunks.

T/F: If a concept involves more than five items, the training program should deliver information in shorter sessions or chunks.

Answer: true

Which of the flowing is a computer-based technology that provides an interactive, three-dimensional learning experience?

Which of the flowing is a computer-based technology that provides an interactive, three-dimensional learning experience?

A. Electronic performance support system
B. Virtual Reality
C. Instructional design
D. learning management system
E. benchmarking


Answer: B. Virtual Reality

_______ is the limit on training's effectiveness that arises from the conditions within the organization.

_______ is the limit on training's effectiveness that arises from the conditions within the organization.

A. simulation
B. social support
C. situational constraint
D. psychological mindedness
E. experiential conflict


Answer: C. situational constraint

Which of the following statements is true of simulations used in training?

Which of the following statements is true of simulations used in training?

A. They are inexpensive to develop
B. They are used for on-the-job training
C. They do to need constant updating
D. They cannot be used when the risks of a mistake on a job are great
E. They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment


Answer: E. They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment

Karen works as a sales manager for Apencience Corp. Karen can read, write, and speak Mandarin, English, and German. She assists top-level management in making business decisions and setting long-term goals for the organization. Which of Karen's abilities is illustrated in this scenario?

Karen works as a sales manager for Apencience Corp. Karen can read, write, and speak Mandarin, English, and German. She assists top-level management in making business decisions and setting long-term goals for the organization. Which of Karen's abilities is illustrated in this scenario?

A. spatial ability
B. psychomotor skills
C. cognitive ability
D. emotional intelligence
E. psychological mindedness


Answer: C. cognitive ability

The stage to prepare for evaluating a training program is:

The stage to prepare for evaluating a training program is:

A. during the implementation of the program
B. when the program is being developed
C. before the request for proposal is developed
D. after the program has been developed
E. when the organization ensures readiness


Answer: B. when the program is being developed

According to Trevor, when faced with a choice between instructor-led classroom training and computer-based training, an organization must always choose computer-based training. Which of the following, if true, weakens Trevor's claim?

According to Trevor, when faced with a choice between instructor-led classroom training and computer-based training, an organization must always choose computer-based training. Which of the following, if true, weakens Trevor's claim?

A. Unlike computer-based training, classroom training involves more interaction and therefore provides a better possibility that trainees will retain the information gained
B. Some Fortune 500 companies do not use computer-based training to train their employees
C. Research shows that classroom training is one of the most popular methods of training used around the world
D. Unlike classroom training that takes place in a physical environment, computer based training takes place in a virtual world
E. The cost of classroom training and computer-based training is comparable


Answer: A. Unlike computer-based training, classroom training involves more interaction and therefore provides a better possibility that trainees will retain the information gained

Carla, a student at Cardinal College, is pursuing a degree in international business management. As part of her program at Cardinal College, she is required to work at Wong Consulting for a period of six months, where she will gain experience related to her field. Carla's employment at Wong Consulting is an example of a(n) _____.

Carla, a student at Cardinal College, is pursuing a degree in international business management. As part of her program at Cardinal College, she is required to work at Wong Consulting for a period of six months, where she will gain experience related to her field. Carla's employment at Wong Consulting is an example of a(n) _____.

A. apprenticeship
B. experiential training program
C. simulation training program
D. internship
E. coordination of training


Answer: D. internship

Which of the following characterizes electronic performance support systems?

Which of the following characterizes electronic performance support systems?

A. They provide expert advice when a problem occurs on the job
B. They determine the appropriateness of training by evaluating the characteristics of the organization
C. They automate the administration and delivery of a company's training program
D. They determine individuals' readiness for training
E. They identify the tasks that training should emphasize


Answer: A. They provide expert advice when a problem occurs on the job

In the context of principles of learning, which of the following is defined as the difficulty level of written materials?

In the context of principles of learning, which of the following is defined as the difficulty level of written materials?

A. Simulation
B. Readabiltiy
C. Modularity
D. Action learning
E. Virtual reality


Answer: B. Readability

Rigatel Corp., an investment bank, was in the final stage of its selection process for a business analyst. Rob was one of the desired candidates for the position. As part of background checks, the bank wanted to look at his credit history. Which of the following requires them to obtain Rob's consent before using a third party to check his credit history?

Rigatel Corp., an investment bank, was in the final stage of its selection process for a business analyst. Rob was one of the desired candidates for the position. As part of background checks, the bank wanted to look at his credit history. Which of the following requires them to obtain Rob's consent before using a third party to check his credit history?

A. The Fair Credit Reporting Act
B. The Civil Rights Act of 1991
C. The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act


Answer: A. The Fair Credit Reporting Act

Ottercut Tech, a software start-up, is putting together a new team to work on the marketing strategies for their expansion project. In the context of using the "Big Five" personality traits for effective team building, which of the following employees would be a good addition to a team that encourages a strong and harmonious culture and is most likely to give the best results?

Ottercut Tech, a software start-up, is putting together a new team to work on the marketing strategies for their expansion project. In the context of using the "Big Five" personality traits for effective team building, which of the following employees would be a good addition to a team that encourages a strong and harmonious culture and is most likely to give the best results?

A. Jamie is very organized; Stella is very cooperative
B. George is emotionally unstable; Bianca is constantly depressed
C. Both John and Adam are domineering
D. Mary is not achievement-oriented; Isaac is laid back
E. Both Miriam and Ann are aggressive and unforgiving


Answer: A. Jamie is very organized; Stells is very cooperative

In general, the results of reference checks for job applicants will be the most valid if employers _______

In general, the results of reference checks for job applicants will be the most valid if employers _______

A. rely exclusively on the list provided by applicants
B. restrict contact with references through emails
C. receive positive opinions about the applicants from their references
D. contact many references
E. avoid direct contact with references


Answer: D. contact many references

T/F: predictive value is less time consuming and the easiest to administer.

T/F: predictive value is less time consuming and the easiest to administer.

Answer: false

A correlation coefficient of -1.0 between two sets of numbers indicates_______

A correlation coefficient of -1.0 between two sets of numbers indicates_______

A. a positive correlation between two sets
B. that when one set of numbers goes up, so does the other set
C. that when one set of numbers goes up, the other goes down
D. a complete lack of any correlation between the two sets
E. an indefinite relationship between the two sets


Answer: C. that when one set of numbers goes up, the other goes down

Amelia takes online practice tests as part of her preparation for a competitive examination. If the tests are known to be highly reliable, which of the following would most accurately be the correlation coefficient of her test results over a seven-day period?

Amelia takes online practice tests as part of her preparation for a competitive examination. If the tests are known to be highly reliable, which of the following would most accurately be the correlation coefficient of her test results over a seven-day period?

A. 0.5
B. 0.72
C. 0
D. 0.43
E. 0.99


Answer: E. 0.99

Summerton High School has three open positions for teachers. The school's HR personnel contact the candidates who meet the school's minimum requirements, and they are interviewed by subject matter experts. The selected short list of candidates then appear before a panel of members from the school board for the final interview. Management hires the three best candidates based on the final interview. Which of the following describes this method of selection?

Summerton High School has three open positions for teachers. The school's HR personnel contact the candidates who meet the school's minimum requirements, and they are interviewed by subject matter experts. The selected short list of candidates then appear before a panel of members from the school board for the final interview. Management hires the three best candidates based on the final interview. Which of the following describes this method of selection?

A. leadership model
B. behavior description model
C. multiple hurdle model
D. compensatory model
E. non directive model


Answer: C. multiple hurdle model

Gary, the new human resource manager at Alchemy Corp., proposes using automated systems for screening résumés of applicants. Gary claims that automated systems are better than humans at picking the right profiles. Which of the following statements weakens Gary's claim?

Gary, the new human resource manager at Alchemy Corp., proposes using automated systems for screening résumés of applicants. Gary claims that automated systems are better than humans at picking the right profiles. Which of the following statements weakens Gary's claim?

A. automated systems do not help in matching resumes to the keywords in job requirements
B. automated systems arbitrarily reject high qualified people who submit a creatively worded resume
C. automated systems reduce the pace of the selection process by a larger margin
D. automated systems refrain from replying to the candidates when their profiles are rejected
E. automated systems prevent candidates form knowing the status of their applications


Answer: B. automated systems arbitrarily reject high qualified people who submit a creatively worded resume

Identify the detail that needs to be asked in an application form to gather information about suitable candidates.

Identify the detail that needs to be asked in an application form to gather information about suitable candidates.

A. number of children
B. educational background
C. applicant's race
D. martial status
E. history of disabilties


Answer: B. educational background

During an interview for a sales position at Lock-Spark, Inc., all job candidates are asked what they would do to regain business with a client whose products were damaged during a business transaction with Lock-Spark. This is an example of a(n) _________ interview.

During an interview for a sales position at Lock-Spark, Inc., all job candidates are asked what they would do to regain business with a client whose products were damaged during a business transaction with Lock-Spark. This is an example of a(n) _________ interview.

A. situational
B. computerized
C. in-basket
D. exit
E. behavioral description


Answer: A. situational

T/F: The results of a personality test are the most reliable.

T/F: The results of a personality test are the most reliable.

Answer: false

Which of the following enables organizations to make decisions about who will or will not be allowed to join the organization?

Which of the following enables organizations to make decisions about who will or will not be allowed to join the organization?

A. predictive value
B. trend analysis
C. personnel selection
D. concurrent validation
E. job analysis


Answer: C. personnel selection

T/F: Race norming refers to establishing different norms for hiring members of different racial groups.

T/F: Race norming refers to establishing different norms for hiring members of different racial groups.

Answer: true

The extent to which something provides economic value greater than its cost is called its _________

The extent to which something provides economic value greater than its cost is called its _________

A. accountability
B. reliability
C. validity
D. utliity
E. practicality


Answer: D. utility

Jonas had a great résumé and a glowing recommendation from his previous employer. Impressed by his qualifications and expertise, Vizion Tech Inc. hired him for the position of quality analyst. However, he was found guilty of sexual misconduct at Vizion after a couple of weeks on the job. During the inquiry, Vizion Tech found that Jonas was fired for sexual misconduct at his previous employer. The management of Vizion Tech could sue Jonas's previous employer for _____.

Jonas had a great résumé and a glowing recommendation from his previous employer. Impressed by his qualifications and expertise, Vizion Tech Inc. hired him for the position of quality analyst. However, he was found guilty of sexual misconduct at Vizion after a couple of weeks on the job. During the inquiry, Vizion Tech found that Jonas was fired for sexual misconduct at his previous employer. The management of Vizion Tech could sue Jonas's previous employer for _____.

A. misrepresentation
B. negligence
C. fraud
D. defamation
E. embezzlement


Answer: A. misrepresentation

T/F: The Polygraph Act legalized the use of polygraph tests for employment screening in most organizations.

T/F: The Polygraph Act legalized the use of polygraph tests for employment screening in most organizations.

Answer: false

Generally, an organization checks references:

Generally, an organization checks references:

A. because it is an unbiased source of information
B. immediately after an applicant submits a resume
C. only if it believes the information provided by applicant is incorrect
D. because it is a legal requirement under equal employment opportunity laws
E. after it has determined that an applicant is a finalist for a job


Answer: E. after it has determined that an applicant is a finalist for a job

David Carr is the HR manager of Witherspoon Inc., a publishing company. He wants to know if a certain test of cognitive ability, used in the advertising industry, can be successfully used in his organization. This scenario suggests that he wants to know if this test is a(n) _____ method of personnel selection.

David Carr is the HR manager of Witherspoon Inc., a publishing company. He wants to know if a certain test of cognitive ability, used in the advertising industry, can be successfully used in his organization. This scenario suggests that he wants to know if this test is a(n) _____ method of personnel selection.

A. practical
B. evaluative
C. non-directive
D. substitutable
E. generalizable


Answer: E. generalizable

A(n) _______ measures the ability to juggle a variety of demands, as in a manger's job where the candidate is presented with simulated memos and phone messages describing the kinds of problems that confront a person in the job.

A(n) _______ measures the ability to juggle a variety of demands, as in a manger's job where the candidate is presented with simulated memos and phone messages describing the kinds of problems that confront a person in the job.

A. exit test
B. work sample test
C. cognitive ability test
D. paper and pencil honesty test
E. in basket test


Answer: E. in basket test

While filling out an application for the position of administrative assistant, Rachel was asked to provide the name and phone number of her previous supervisor. She was also provided the alternative of presenting a letter form her previous supervisor vouching for her performance on the job. Which of the following tools used in the initial selection process is illustrated in this case?

While filling out an application for the position of administrative assistant, Rachel was asked to provide the name and phone number of her previous supervisor. She was also provided the alternative of presenting a letter form her previous supervisor vouching for her performance on the job. Which of the following tools used in the initial selection process is illustrated in this case?

A. resume
B. application form
C. aptitude test
D. background check
E. references


Answer: E. references

T/F: Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, when an employer makes hiring decisions, it can use employment physical exams that could reveal a psychological or physical disability.

T/F: Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, when an employer makes hiring decisions, it can use employment physical exams that could reveal a psychological or physical disability.

Answer: false

For tests that measure abstract qualities such as intelligence or leadership skills, validity would best be established by _____ validation.

For tests that measure abstract qualities such as intelligence or leadership skills, validity would best be established by _____ validation.

A. predictive
B. construct
C. criterion-related
D. concurrent
E. content

Answer: B. construct

Which of the following tests is a legal means to test the integrity of job applicants and generally involves asking applicants directly about their attitudes towards theft and their own experiences with theft?

Which of the following tests is a legal means to test the integrity of job applicants and generally involves asking applicants directly about their attitudes towards theft and their own experiences with theft?

A. cognitive ability test
B. in basket test
C. paper and pencil honesty test
D. polygraph test
E. personality inventory test


Answer: C. paper and pencil honesty test

Zoematra Corp has been receiving some criticism about the way it evaluates the results of a test used in the selection process for job candidates. It employs a method wherein scores between 90 and 100 are graded A, scores between 80 and 90 are graded B, scores between 70 and 80 are graded C, and so on. The criticism has come about because this practice allows them to give preference to unrepresented groups within a range. Which of the following accurately describes this method of evaluating tests?

Zoematra Corp has been receiving some criticism about the way it evaluates the results of a test used in the selection process for job candidates. It employs a method wherein scores between 90 and 100 are graded A, scores between 80 and 90 are graded B, scores between 70 and 80 are graded C, and so on. The criticism has come about because this practice allows them to give preference to unrepresented groups within a range. Which of the following accurately describes this method of evaluating tests?

A. banding
B. modelling
C. race norming
D. generalizing
E. desensitizing


Answer: A. banding

T/F: A predictive criterion-related validation strategy establishes consistency between the test items or problems and the kinds of situations that occur on the job.

T/F: A predictive criterion-related validation strategy establishes consistency between the test items or problems and the kinds of situations that occur on the job.

Answer: false

Harley wants to build a startup company with a small number of people working for him. He decides to do all the hiring himself. Antonio, a friend of Harley's, who is also a lawyer, wants to warn Harley about the risk of discrimination complaints by applicants who were not hired. Which of the following arguments must Antonio use to warn Harley?

Harley wants to build a startup company with a small number of people working for him. He decides to do all the hiring himself. Antonio, a friend of Harley's, who is also a lawyer, wants to warn Harley about the risk of discrimination complaints by applicants who were not hired. Which of the following arguments must Antonio use to warn Harley?

A. Interviews are subjective, so they have the potential of assessing candidates based on questions not related to the job
B. interviews are objective, so they have the potential of assessing candidates based on questions not related to the job
C. Interviews require polygraph tests, which give the interviewer an opportunity to ask questions that can violate the privacy rights of the interviewee
D. Interviews are narrow and standardized, so they do no allow interviewers to test the integrity of interviewees with ease
E. Interviews are expensive so their validity an reliability is always in question


Answer: A. Interviews are subjective, so they have the potential of assessing candidates based on questions not related to the job

Grace is the HR manager of Trelsoft Inc., a software company located in Boston. She wants to establish the validity of a test designed for computer technicians using a predictive criterion-related validation strategy. According to this validation, Grace must administer the test to _____.

Grace is the HR manager of Trelsoft Inc., a software company located in Boston. She wants to establish the validity of a test designed for computer technicians using a predictive criterion-related validation strategy. According to this validation, Grace must administer the test to _____.

A. a random selection of computer technicians currently employed at Trelsoft
B. people applying for computer technician jobs in Trelsoft
C. at least half the present computer technicians in Trelsoft
D. people doing similar jobs in other companies
E. only those computer technicians in Trelsoft who are performing at acceptable levels


Answer: B. people applying for computer technician jobs in Trelsoft

Tiana Inc. an international clothing brand, recruited 15 people as brand managers. They all took a test as part of the recruitment process. There months after the recruitment, their test scores were analyzed along with their performance on the job to find a substantial correlation between the two factors. Which of the following methods of research is exemplified in this scenario?

Tiana Inc. an international clothing brand, recruited 15 people as brand managers. They all took a test as part of the recruitment process. There months after the recruitment, their test scores were analyzed along with their performance on the job to find a substantial correlation between the two factors. Which of the following methods of research is exemplified in this scenario?

A. content validation
B. predictive validation
C. diagnostic validation
D. concurrent validation
E. construct validation


Answer: B. predictive value

Why do organizations typically review applicant resumes?

Why do organizations typically review applicant resumes?

A. They are used as a basis for deciding which candidates to investigate further
B. They are used because they are generally unbiased source of information
C. They are used because they can control the content of the information as well as they way it is presented
D. They are used to save the cost of administering tests related to the performance on the job
E. They are used as a substitute for interviews


Answer: A. They are used as a basis for deciding which candidates to investigate further

An International car manufacturing company wants to hire new employees for its new assembly unit. As part of the selection process, the applicants are required to assemble a mini model of one of the company's products. They are judged on their speed, ability to follow a set of instructions, and coordination skills. What type of validity is being established in this scenario?

An International car manufacturing company wants to hire new employees for its new assembly unit. As part of the selection process, the applicants are required to assemble a mini model of one of the company's products. They are judged on their speed, ability to follow a set of instructions, and coordination skills. What type of validity is being established in this scenario?

A. construct validity
B. concurrent validity
C. content validity
D. diagnostic validity
E. predictive validity


Answer: A. construct validity

Review of resumes is most valid when the content of the of the resume is evaluated in:

Review of resumes is most valid when the content of the of the resume is evaluated in:

A. comparison with other applicants' qualifications
B. terms of industrial benchmarks
C. terms of incumbent's competencies
D. comparison with other employees in a organization
E. terms of the elements of a job description


Answer: E. terms of the elements of a job description

T/F: The Civil Rights Act of 1991 encourages the use of sex forming as a selection tool.

T/F: The Civil Rights Act of 1991 encourages the use of sex forming as a selection tool.

Answer: false

T/F: Interviews are the least expensive method of employee selection.

T/F: Interviews are the least expensive method of employee selection.

Answer: false

Tests designed to measure such metal skills as verbal skills, quantitative skills, and reasoning ability are referred to as ______

Tests designed to measure such metal skills as verbal skills, quantitative skills, and reasoning ability are referred to as ______

A. cognitive ability
B. honesty
C. job performance
D. physical ability
E. personality inventories


Answer: A. cognitive ability

Which of the following is a Big Five personality trait?

Which of the following is a Big Five personality trait?

A. Extroversion
B. Honesty
C. Physical ability
D. Cognitive ability
E. Aptitude


Answer: A. Extroversion

Which of the following statements is true of selection decisions?

Which of the following statements is true of selection decisions?

A. They should be a single matter of whole the supervisor likes best
B. They should be based on which candidate best fits a job position
C. They should only observe confidence in job candidates to assert competence of candidate
D. They should only be bases on assessments of candidates' intelligence and leadership qualities
E. They should be a simple matter of which candidate will take the lowest offer


Answer: B. They should be based on which candidate best fits a job position

T/F: Selection procedures hat provide economic value greater than the cost of suing them are said to have utility.

T/F: Selection procedures hat provide economic value greater than the cost of suing them are said to have utility.

Answer: true

Which of the following exemplifies a generalizable test?

Which of the following exemplifies a generalizable test?

A. Utopia Corp uses a test that has a probability of zero random error to recruit its employees
B. Nyx Corp uses a test that stimulates specific job conditions that an employee will experience while in that position
C. Intratel Inc uses the same test for selecting candidates for different job profiles in two different countries
D. ZingUp Inc uses a test that is relevant to the specific jobs roles for which it recruits employees
E. Sellatra Corp uses a test that provides greater economic value than its costs for recruitment


Answer: C. Intratel Inc uses the same test for selecting candidates for different job profiles in two different countries

Alexander was being interviewed for the position of an entry-level financial analyst at a well-known asset management company. Alexander was asked questions about the current state of the U.S. stock market, the current net worth of certain financial firms, and concepts such as IPO, mergers, and leverage from a set of pre-determined questions that the interviewer had prepared. This is an example of a(n) _____.

Alexander was being interviewed for the position of an entry-level financial analyst at a well-known asset management company. Alexander was asked questions about the current state of the U.S. stock market, the current net worth of certain financial firms, and concepts such as IPO, mergers, and leverage from a set of pre-determined questions that the interviewer had prepared. This is an example of a(n) _____.

A. non-directive interview
B. exit interview
C. structured interview
D. work sample interview
E. in-basket interview


Answer: C. structured interview

T/F: Reliability answers the important question if one is measuring something that mattes.

T/F: Reliability answers the important question if one is measuring something that mattes.

Answer: false

Which of the following is true about content validity?

Which of the following is true about content validity?

A. a test that scores high on content validity tends to score low on generalizability
B. it indicates how free a measurement is from random errors
C. It is useful for tests that measure intelligences and leadership quality
D. It is usually measured on the basis of expert judgment
E. It is most suitable for tests that measure abstract qualtiies


Answer: D. It is usually measures on the basis of expert judgement

Marianna Baxter attends an interview for the position of a paralegal at one of the biggest law firms in the country. During the interview, she is asked a particular question which she refuses to answer. Frustrated by her behavior, the interviewer repeats the question. She refuses to answer it again and says that it violates her rights under equal employment opportunity law. Which of the following is most likely the question she was asked?

Marianna Baxter attends an interview for the position of a paralegal at one of the biggest law firms in the country. During the interview, she is asked a particular question which she refuses to answer. Frustrated by her behavior, the interviewer repeats the question. She refuses to answer it again and says that it violates her rights under equal employment opportunity law. Which of the following is most likely the question she was asked?

A. What organizations or groups do you belong to that you consider relevant to being able to perform this job?
B. What is you ancestry?
C. Can you meet the requirements of strict work schedules?
D. Have you ever been convicted of a crime?
E. What is your complete name?


Answer: B. What is your ancestry?

T/F: In an organization, a supervisor usually makes the final employee selection decision.

T/F: In an organization, a supervisor usually makes the final employee selection decision.

Answer: true

T/F: Most organizations check references as soon as they receive a candidate's application form.

T/F: Most organizations check references as soon as they receive a candidate's application form.

Answer: false

T/F: Achievement tests are only used to measure how well a person can acquire skills and abilities.

T/F: Achievement tests are only used to measure how well a person can acquire skills and abilities.

Answer: false

Which of the following measures of validity is based on showing a substantial correlation between test scores and job performance scores?

Which of the following measures of validity is based on showing a substantial correlation between test scores and job performance scores?

A. criterion-related validity
B. convergent validity
C. content validity
D. construct validity
E. diagnostic validity


Answer: A. criterion-related validity

A test that is valid in other contexts beyond the context in which the selection method was developed is known as a(n) _____ method.

A test that is valid in other contexts beyond the context in which the selection method was developed is known as a(n) _____ method.

A. generalizable
B. concurrent
C. invalid
D. reliable
E. practical


Answer: A. generalizable

During an interview for medical assistants at the Haleview Medical Center, all the candidates were asked to lake about a situation in the past where they had to empathize with an emotionally unstable person and help that person make rational decisions. This was to test if the candidates would be able to assist a frantic patient and help him or her make informed decisions while on the job. This is a(n) _____ interview.

During an interview for medical assistants at the Haleview Medical Center, all the candidates were asked to lake about a situation in the past where they had to empathize with an emotionally unstable person and help that person make rational decisions. This was to test if the candidates would be able to assist a frantic patient and help him or her make informed decisions while on the job. This is a(n) _____ interview.

A. unstructured
B. exit
C. behavior description
D. physical ability
E. non-directive


Answer: C. behavior description

Which of the following is true about medical examinations of job candidates?

Which of the following is true about medical examinations of job candidates?

A. Medical examinations are conducted upon the receipt of a candidate's resume
B. Medical examinations that measure size and strength can never be used for a job
C. Medical examinations are conducted after a candidate has been give a job offer
D. Medical examinations may not be related to job requirements
E. Medical examinations are conducted specifically for individuals with disabilities


Answer: C. Medical examinations are conducted after a candidate has been given a job offer

Identify an accurate difference between predictive value and concurrent validation.

Identify an accurate difference between predictive value and concurrent validation.

A. Concurrent validation is utilized on new recruits; predictive validation is not.
B. Predictive validation correlates future job performance and applicant test scores; concurrent does not
C. Predictive validation correlates job performance and job roles; concurrent does not
D. Concurrent validation is very time-consuming; predictive is not
E. Concurrent validation is difficult to employ; predictive is not


Answer: B. Predictive validation correlates future job performance and applicant test scores; concurrent does not

Juan takes a test in which the questions are varying levels of difficulty. As the questions become harder, his scores go down. In this context, which of the following accurately shows the correlation factor between the difficulty levels of the questions and Juan's scores?

Juan takes a test in which the questions are varying levels of difficulty. As the questions become harder, his scores go down. In this context, which of the following accurately shows the correlation factor between the difficulty levels of the questions and Juan's scores?

A. 0.98
B. -0.24
C. 0
D. 0.5
E. -0.92


Answer: E. -0.92

In most organizations, the first step in the personnel selection process is:

In most organizations, the first step in the personnel selection process is:

A. inviting candidates with the best abilities to the organization for one or more interviews
B. administering tests and reviewing work samples to rate the candidates abilities
C. screening the applications to see who meet the basic requirements for the job
D. negotiating with the employee regarding salary and benefits
E. verifying the applicant's qualifications through reference and background checks


Answer: C. screening the applicants to see who meet the basic requirements for the job

T/F: Interviewing is considered the most accurate basis for making a selection decision.

T/F: Interviewing is considered the most accurate basis for making a selection decision.

Answer: false

How can individuals acting as references for job applicants minimize the risk of being sued for defamation or misrepresentation?

How can individuals acting as references for job applicants minimize the risk of being sued for defamation or misrepresentation?

A. By giving only broad opinions
B. By exclusively giving out positive information about a candidate
C. By giving as much information as possible
D. By excluding employment dates and employee's final salary
E. By only giving information about observable, job-related behaviors


Answer: E. By only giving information about observable, job-related behaviors

Fransisco Holt had applied for the position of an emergency direct care worker at the Medical Center. In the last round of selection process, he had to take part in a testing procedure that simulated an emergency situation. He had to run a half mile on the treadmill, followed by a step test, a posture test, a squat test, and a weight lifting test. His performance was timed and his heart rate was monitored throughout the tests. Which of the following tests is exemplified in this case?

Fransisco Holt had applied for the position of an emergency direct care worker at the Medical Center. In the last round of selection process, he had to take part in a testing procedure that simulated an emergency situation. He had to run a half mile on the treadmill, followed by a step test, a posture test, a squat test, and a weight lifting test. His performance was timed and his heart rate was monitored throughout the tests. Which of the following tests is exemplified in this case?

A. critical thinking test
B. psychometric test
C. physical ability test
D. achievement test
E. cognitive ability test


Answer: C. physical ability test

Which of the following statements is true of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991?

Which of the following statements is true of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991?

A. Employers are required to use employment physical exams that could reveal a psychological or physical disability for making hiring decisions
B. Employers are required to make reasonable accommodations to disabled individuals
C. Employers can ask pre-employment questions to investigate disabilities
D. Interviewers are prohibited from asking a candidate if they can meet requirements for a job
E. Interviewers are permitted to ask candidates the number of sick leaves they took at their previous job


Answer: B. Employers are required to make reasonable accommodations to disabled individuals

Which of the following is NOT a rule for drug testing?

Which of the following is NOT a rule for drug testing?

A. Drug testing should not be conducted in an intrusive environment
B. Drug testing should be administered systematically to all applicants who have applied for the same job
C. Drug testing programs should allow for strict confidentially of results
D. Drug testing reports should not be sent to applicants
E. Drug testing should be conducted for employees working in jobs that involve safety hazards


Answer: D. Drug testing reports should not be sent to applicants

Donna Hernandez has applied for the position of data systems operator in one of the federal governmental agencies. As part of the selection process, she takes a civil services examination that measures her existing knowledge and skills. This scenario exemplifies a(n) _____.

Donna Hernandez has applied for the position of data systems operator in one of the federal governmental agencies. As part of the selection process, she takes a civil services examination that measures her existing knowledge and skills. This scenario exemplifies a(n) _____.

A. achievement test
B. critical thinking test
C. aptitude test
D. psychometric test
E. judgement test


Answer: A. achievement test

T/F: A reliable measurement generates consistently results.

T/F: A reliable measurement generates consistently results.

Answer: true

Which of the following statements is true of an assessment center?

Which of the following statements is true of an assessment center?

A. It is a selection method generally used for unskilled applicants.
B. It conducts a single test for all job applicants to test their technical potential
C. It has the lowest validity because it combines several assessment methods
D. It used multiple selection methods to rate applicants on their management potential
E. It is a place where job applicants for manufacturing jobs undergo physical ability test.


Answer: D. It uses multiple selection methods to rate applicants on their management potential

T/F: The fair credit reporting act requires that employers obtain a candidate's consent before downloading their resume from an online job site.

T/F: The fair credit reporting act requires that employers obtain a candidate's consent before downloading their resume from an online job site.

Answer: false

A _____ interview allows interviewer's discretion in choosing the questions to be asked and generally included open ended questions about the candidate's strengths, weaknesses, career path, and work experience.

A _____ interview allows interviewer's discretion in choosing the questions to be asked and generally included open ended questions about the candidate's strengths, weaknesses, career path, and work experience.

A. non-directive
B. structured
C. situational
D. computerized
E. behavioral


Answer: A. non-directive

Irene is filling out an application form for the position of an elementary school teacher. While she is filling it out, she comes across a section that asks for information about her high school, college, and grades. Which of the following sections of the application form is being referred to here?

Irene is filling out an application form for the position of an elementary school teacher. While she is filling it out, she comes across a section that asks for information about her high school, college, and grades. Which of the following sections of the application form is being referred to here?

A. Mailing address
B. Work experience
C. Declaration
D. Racial details
E. Educational background


Answer: E. educational background

The consistency between test items or problems and the kinds of situations or problems that occur in a job is known as___:

The consistency between test items or problems and the kinds of situations or problems that occur in a job is known as___:

A. content validity
B. predictive validity
C. concurrent validity
D. diagnostic validity
E. construct validity


Answer: A. content validity

Buildtron Inc., a construction firm, is in need of a construction superintendent, whose primary responsibilities involve organizing, supervising, and inspecting the work of several subcontractors. Buildtron administers a construction-error recognition test, where an applicant has to enter a shed that has 25 construction errors and has to record as many of these errors as can be detected. What type of validity is being established in this case?

Buildtron Inc., a construction firm, is in need of a construction superintendent, whose primary responsibilities involve organizing, supervising, and inspecting the work of several subcontractors. Buildtron administers a construction-error recognition test, where an applicant has to enter a shed that has 25 construction errors and has to record as many of these errors as can be detected. What type of validity is being established in this case?

A. predictive value
B. construct validity
C. concurrent validity
D. content validity
E. representative validity


Answer: D. content validity

T/F: Many of the people reading classified ads are either over- or underqualified for the position.

T/F: Many of the people reading classified ads are either over- or underqualified for the position.

Answer: true

Which of the following best describes a phased-retirement program?

Which of the following best describes a phased-retirement program?

A) It refers to laying off older employees in small batches.

B) It refers to giving older employees a certain time limit to voluntarily retire.

C) It refers to reducing the number of hours older employees work, as well as the cost of these employees.

D) It refers to offering alternative work locations and work responsibilities to older employees.

E) It refers to giving lucrative incentives to a large number of older employees to voluntarily retire.


Answer: C) It refers to reducing the number of hours older employees work, as well as the cost of these employees.

James, a new HR manager at Flenzel Inc., aims to understand the proportion of employees in the public relations department to decide if the company needs to hire new employees. James most likely needs to use a(n) ________ to achieve his objective.

A) transitional matrix

B) multiple regression analysis

C) due-process policy

D) propensity analysis

E) electronic recruiting process


Answer: A. transitional matrix

Keri, a trainer at Klemens Inc., plans on finding out how many candidates moved from the initial interview stage to the training selection stage in the past month in the company. She needs to compare the ________ to accomplish her task.

Keri, a trainer at Klemens Inc., plans on finding out how many candidates moved from the initial interview stage to the training selection stage in the past month in the company. She needs to compare the ________ to accomplish her task.

A) returns on investment

B) cost per hire

C) yield ratios

D) prospective costs

E) liquidity ratios


Answer: C. yield ratios

T/F: In the context of forecasting the demand for labor, leading indicators are objective measures that accurately predict future labor demand.

T/F: In the context of forecasting the demand for labor, leading indicators are objective measures that accurately predict future labor demand.

Answer: true

Identify the benefit of relying on internal recruitment sources.

Identify the benefit of relying on internal recruitment sources.

A) They are generally cheaper and faster than other means.

B)They expose an organization to new ideas or new ways of doing business.

C) They are likely to promote diversity in terms of race and sex.

D) They minimize the impact of political considerations in the hiring decision.

E) They are well suited to recruit people for specialized upper-level positions.


Answer: A) They are generally cheaper and faster than other means.

Solenz Inc. is a relatively new company that employs 23 workers. The company is facing a labor surplus problem with approximately 3 more employees than it needs. Which of the following is the best strategy to deal with this labor surplus?

Solenz Inc. is a relatively new company that employs 23 workers. The company is facing a labor surplus problem with approximately 3 more employees than it needs. Which of the following is the best strategy to deal with this labor surplus?

A)The company must implement work sharing, which will take up the time of extra workers and help complete projects faster.

B) The company must implement pay reductions as this will help the company get rid of less motivated employees.

C) The company must freeze their hiring practices, which will result in balancing the number of employees and the demand for work over a period of time.

D) The company must focus on natural attrition whereby employees leave the company on their own, as this will reduce the burden of firing surplus employees.

E) The company must use an early retirement strategy because it helps old employees retire sooner, thereby solving the labor surplus issue.


Answer: A)The company must implement work sharing, which will take up the time of extra workers and help complete projects faster.

Brendan and Angela are HR managers at Seattle Investments. They are expecting a labor surplus over the next two years when the organization will have 24 more than the required number of employees. Typically, two employees leave the organization each month. In this scenario, which of the following is the best way to deal with the predicted labor surplus?

Brendan and Angela are HR managers at Seattle Investments. They are expecting a labor surplus over the next two years when the organization will have 24 more than the required number of employees. Typically, two employees leave the organization each month. In this scenario, which of the following is the best way to deal with the predicted labor surplus?

A) They must consider natural attrition because the company has enough time to deal with the labor surplus without causing suffering to the employees.

B) They must choose a hiring freeze strategy because it slows down the attrition rate.

C) They must reduce employees' pay as this will lead to demotivated employees quitting the organization; consequently, the labor surplus problem will be solved.

D) They must consider downsizing because it is the fastest way to fix a labor surplus.

E) They must consider demoting low-performing employees, which will eventually solve labor surplus problem.


Answer: A. They must consider natural attrition because the company has enough time to deal with the labor surplus without causing suffering to the employees

In the context of evaluating the quality of a recruitment source, yield ratios express the:

In the context of evaluating the quality of a recruitment source, yield ratios express the:

A) percentage of applicants who complete one year in the organization after recruitment.

B) dollar costs incurred per hire in relation to the number of applicants interviewed.

C) percentage of applicants who successfully move from one stage of the recruitment and selection process to the next.

D) output yielded by a new hire in relation to the cost of recruiting the new hire.

E) quality of new hires by comparing the cost of training the new recruits to the cost of hiring them.


Answer: C. percentage of applicants who successfully move from one stage of the recruitment and selection process to the next

Yienze Inc., a manufacturer of electronic goods, is experiencing financial losses, and company management is trying to less the fiscal losses. The company is also facing the problem of labor surplus due to low demand for its products. In this context, which of the following is the best way to deal with this labor surplus?

Yienze Inc., a manufacturer of electronic goods, is experiencing financial losses, and company management is trying to less the fiscal losses. The company is also facing the problem of labor surplus due to low demand for its products. In this context, which of the following is the best way to deal with this labor surplus?

A) The company must consider work sharing because it causes relatively less suffering to the employees.

B) The company must consider downsizing because it is the quickest way to deal with a labor surplus that results in financial losses.

C) The company must freeze employee hiring and focus on natural attrition because it is a relatively fast way to reduce a labor surplus.

D) The company must choose an early retirement option because it gives an option to employees to voluntarily leave the organization with suitable monetary compensation.

E) The company must consider retraining employees because it helps improve their interpersonal skills.


Answer: B. The company must consider downsizing because it is quickest way to deal with a labor surplus that results in financial losses

Harriett wants to apply for a job vacancy. She calls the recruiter who had advertised this vacancy to know more about the job. The recruiter gives some background information about the positive and negative qualities of the job to Harriett. Which of the following terms refers to the job information given by the recruiter?

Harriett wants to apply for a job vacancy. She calls the recruiter who had advertised this vacancy to know more about the job. The recruiter gives some background information about the positive and negative qualities of the job to Harriett. Which of the following terms refers to the job information given by the recruiter?

A) Vacancy analysis

B) Role examination

C) Realistic job preview

D) Pragmatic job survey

E) Substantive job criticism


Answer: C. realistic job preview

T/F: In the context of recruitment sources, private employment agencies serve primarily blue-collar workers, while public employment agencies mostly serve white-collar workers.

T/F: In the context of recruitment sources, private employment agencies serve primarily blue-collar workers, while public employment agencies mostly serve white-collar workers.

Answer: false

T/F: Work sharing is usually implemented in an effort to avoid labor shortages.

T/F: Work sharing is usually implemented in an effort to avoid labor shortages.

Answer: false

T/F: A transitional matrix is a chart that lists job categories held in one period and shows the proportion of employees in each of those job categories in a future period.

T/F: A transitional matrix is a chart that lists job categories held in one period and shows the proportion of employees in each of those job categories in a future period.

Answer: true

T/F: Personnel policies influence the kinds of job applicants an organization attracts.

T/F: Personnel policies influence the kinds of job applicants an organization attracts.

Answer: false

Sasha, a production manager at ZestCorp Inc., must predict future labor demand using information about inventory levels from the past three years. Sasha is most likely using ________ to predict the demand.

Sasha, a production manager at ZestCorp Inc., must predict future labor demand using information about inventory levels from the past three years. Sasha is most likely using ________ to predict the demand.

A) capacity utilization analysis

B) trend analysis

C) yield ratio

D) workforce utilization review

E) cost per hire


Answer: B. trend analysis

T/F: Downsizing can be used to reduce surplus labor because it yields fast results.

T/F: Downsizing can be used to reduce surplus labor because it yields fast results.

Answer: true

Gilbert, an HR manager at MaxNet Inc., hires 50 employees in five months. He has used different sources of recruitment to recruit these employees. He desires to determine the success rate of the recruitment sources. Gilbert must use the ________ to achieve his objective.

Gilbert, an HR manager at MaxNet Inc., hires 50 employees in five months. He has used different sources of recruitment to recruit these employees. He desires to determine the success rate of the recruitment sources. Gilbert must use the ________ to achieve his objective.

A) prospective cost

B) liquidity ratio

C) hiring conversion rate

D) cost per hire

E) return on investment


Answer: D. cost per hire

Identify a disadvantage of using temporary and contract workers.

Identify a disadvantage of using temporary and contract workers.

A) These methods are a relatively slow solution to labor shortage.

B) These workers work well in key jobs but not in those jobs that supplement permanent employees.

C) These kinds of workers cannot be hired through an agency.

D) These workers tend to be relatively less committed to the organization.

E) Revocability of this method is more difficult than other methods of avoiding labor shortage.


Answer: D. These workers tend to be relatively less committed to the organization

Wilma heads the production department at Riden Inc., a firm that stresses the importance of maintaining regular contact with customers. Wilma is expecting a labor surplus in the future. John, a supervisor, recommends downsizing as an option to deal with this labor surplus. However, Wilma rejects this option. Which of the following statements will validate that Wilma made the right decision?

Wilma heads the production department at Riden Inc., a firm that stresses the importance of maintaining regular contact with customers. Wilma is expecting a labor surplus in the future. John, a supervisor, recommends downsizing as an option to deal with this labor surplus. However, Wilma rejects this option. Which of the following statements will validate that Wilma made the right decision?

A) Downsizing would result in increased operational costs.

B) Downsizing would harm the hierarchy of top management.

C) Downsizing cannot provide an immediate solution to labor surplus.

D) Downsizing would hurt long-term organizational effectiveness.

E) Downsizing cannot be used to reduce the number of managers.


Answer: D. Downsizing would hurt long-erm organizational effectiveness

Carmella, an HR manager at Crexion Inc., is dealing with labor shortage problems due to a sudden increase in production levels at the company. Among the following options, the fastest way to fix this problem is to ________.

Carmella, an HR manager at Crexion Inc., is dealing with labor shortage problems due to a sudden increase in production levels at the company. Among the following options, the fastest way to fix this problem is to ________.

A) focus on technological innovation

B) hire temporary employees

C) hire new employees

D) focus on turnover reductions

E) use retrained transfers


Answer: B. hire temp workers

Which of the following is the first step in the human resource planning process?

Which of the following is the first step in the human resource planning process?

A) Goal setting

B) Performance evaluation

C) Forecasting

D) Program evaluation

E) Program implementation


Answer: C. forecasting

T/F: The goals an organization sets in its human resource planning process should come directly from the analysis of its labor supply and demand.

T/F: The goals an organization sets in its human resource planning process should come directly from the analysis of its labor supply and demand.

Answer: true

T/F: To ensure success with an outsourcing strategy, companies should outsource work that requires tight security.

T/F: To ensure success with an outsourcing strategy, companies should outsource work that requires tight security.

Answer: false

Most direct applicants to an organization have done some research and concluded there is enough fit between themselves and the vacant position to warrant submitting an application. This process is termed:

Most direct applicants to an organization have done some research and concluded there is enough fit between themselves and the vacant position to warrant submitting an application. This process is termed:

A) nepotism.

B) internal recruitment.

C) employee referral.

D) self-selection.

E) employment at will.


Answer: D. self selection

_______ formally lay out the steps an employee may take to appeal an employer's decision to terminate that employee.

_______ formally lay out the steps an employee may take to appeal an employer's decision to terminate that employee.

A) Employment-at-will contracts
B) Due-process policies
C) Trend analyses
D) Transitional matrices
E) leading indicators


Answer: B. due process policies

T/F: Contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services is called outsourcing.

T/F: Contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services is called outsourcing.

Answer: true

Janet, an HR manager at SensNet Inc., hires employees who have a specific set of skills that will give her company advantage over its competitors. In the context of strategic planning, Janet is:

Janet, an HR manager at SensNet Inc., hires employees who have a specific set of skills that will give her company advantage over its competitors. In the context of strategic planning, Janet is:

A) using trend analysis.
B) outsourcing a broad set of services.
C) hiring individuals with a core competency.
D) seeking leading indicators.
E) using propensity analysis.


Answer: C. hiring individuals with core competency

Which of the following best describes outsourcing?

Which of the following best describes outsourcing?

A)It refers to moving operations away from the home location to increase cost savings.
B) It refers to contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services.
C) It refers to finding cheap resources in another country to gain a competitive advantage.
D) It refers to using a temporary or contract employee to fill a single job vacancy.
E) It refers to buying the necessary raw materials needed to conduct business from external suppliers


Answer: B. It refers to contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services

T/F: In general, all companies have to make decisions in three areas of recruiting: personnel policies, recruitment sources, and the characteristics and behavior of the recruiter.

T/F: In general, all companies have to make decisions in three areas of recruiting: personnel policies, recruitment sources, and the characteristics and behavior of the recruiter.

Answer: true

T/F: In human resource planning, forecasting is an intermediary step.

T/F: In human resource planning, forecasting is an intermediary step.

Answer: false

In the context of options for reducing a labor surplus, identify the similarity between natural attrition and early retirement strategies.

In the context of options for reducing a labor surplus, identify the similarity between natural attrition and early retirement strategies.

A) Both strategies yield slow results for an organization.
B) Both strategies are expensive to implement.
C) Both strategies cause high suffering to the employees of an organization.
D) Both strategies can be applied for preventing labor shortages.
E) Both strategies encourage layoffs.


Answer: A. Both strategies yield slow results for an organization

T/F: When implementing an HR strategy, the organization must hold some individual accountable for achieving the goals

T/F: When implementing an HR strategy, the organization must hold some individual accountable for achieving the goals

Answer: true

T/F: In the context of forecasting the demand for labor, using trend analysis, inventory levels, changes in technology, and actions of competitors are examples of _____.

T/F: In the context of forecasting the demand for labor, using trend analysis, inventory levels, changes in technology, and actions of competitors are examples of _____.

Answer: true

Wilma heads the production department at Riden Inc., a firm that stresses the importance of maintaining regular contact with customers. Wilma is expecting a labor surplus in the future. John, a supervisor, recommends downsizing as an option to deal with this labor surplus. However, Wilma rejects this option. Which of the following statements will validate that Wilma made the right decision?

Wilma heads the production department at Riden Inc., a firm that stresses the importance of maintaining regular contact with customers. Wilma is expecting a labor surplus in the future. John, a supervisor, recommends downsizing as an option to deal with this labor surplus. However, Wilma rejects this option. Which of the following statements will validate that Wilma made the right decision?

A. Downsizing would result in increased operational costs
B. Downsizing would hurt long-term organizational effectiveness
C. Downsizing cannot provide an immediate solution to labor surplus
D. Downsizing cannot be used to reduce the number of managers
E. Downsizing would harm the hierarchy of top management


Answer: B. Downsizing would hurt long-term organizational effectiveness

Which of the following is the most widespread methods for eliminating labor shortages?

Which of the following is the most widespread methods for eliminating labor shortages?

A. Hiring temporary workers and outsourcing work
B. Downsizing and merging with other organizations
C. Overtime and new external hires
D. Overtime and retrained transfers
E. Retrained transfers and turnover reduction


Answer: A. Hiring temporary workers and outsourcing work

Juliette intends to approach Kaskade Inc. to fill a vacant position they have in the organization. She conducts a background check to find the merits and limitations of the vacancy. In the context of the behavior of the recruiter, Juliette is checking the _____.

Juliette intends to approach Kaskade Inc. to fill a vacant position they have in the organization. She conducts a background check to find the merits and limitations of the vacancy. In the context of the behavior of the recruiter, Juliette is checking the _____.

A. leading indicators
B. due-process policy
C. realistic job preview
D. core competency
E. yield ratio


Answer: C. realistic job preview

T/F: Contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services is called outsourcing.

T/F: Contracting with another organization to perform a broad set of services is called outsourcing.

Answer: true

Gary, the CEO of El Eram, Inc., is dealing with an aging labor force problem, which is reducing productivity across the organization. The most effective way of dealing with this situation is to ____

Gary, the CEO of El Eram, Inc., is dealing with an aging labor force problem, which is reducing productivity across the organization. The most effective way of dealing with this situation is to ____

A. encourage older employees to work more productively by retraining them
B. enhance their work by employing innovative technological processes
C. downsize by firing older employees with compensation
D. provide performance-based incentives to increase production output and delay their retirement
E. encourage lower performing older workers to leave voluntarily by offering early retirement incentives


Answer: E. encourage lower performing older workers to leave voluntarily by offering early-retirement incentives

T/F: The second step in human resource planning is performance evaluation.

T/F: The second step in human resource planning is performance evaluation.

Answer: false

Margaret, HR manager at Frexotel Inc., recruits her cousin Linda as production manager in the company. This results in resentment among several of the company's employees. This practice of hiring relatives is called _____.

Margaret, HR manager at Frexotel Inc., recruits her cousin Linda as production manager in the company. This results in resentment among several of the company's employees. This practice of hiring relatives is called _____.

A. localism
B. nepotism
C. abstractionism
D. voluntarism
E. structuralism


Answer: B. nepotism

T/F: The steps in a workforce utilization review are identical to the steps in the HR planning process.

T/F: The steps in a workforce utilization review are identical to the steps in the HR planning process.

Answer: true

Steve applies for a job at Texel, Inc because his friend Dan, who is manager there, prompts him to do so, in this scenario, Steve is a(n)_____

Steve applies for a job at Texel, Inc because his friend Dan, who is manager there, prompts him to do so, in this scenario, Steve is a(n)_____

A. neutral applicant
B. direct applicant
C. executive search professional
D. referral
E. natural applicant


Answer: D. referral

T/F: In the context of employing temporary and contract workers, if the person providing the service is a contractor and not an employee, the company is not supposed to directly supervise the worker.

T/F: In the context of employing temporary and contract workers, if the person providing the service is a contractor and not an employee, the company is not supposed to directly supervise the worker.

Answer: true

____ states that there is no specific employment contract saying otherwise, the employer or employee may end an employment relationship at any time, regardless of cause.

____ states that there is no specific employment contract saying otherwise, the employer or employee may end an employment relationship at any time, regardless of cause.

A. Employment at will
B. Rule of law
C. Due-process policy
D. Employment liability
E. Rule of fair treatment


Answer: A. Employment at will

In the context of human resource planning, the primary goal of forecasting is to:

In the context of human resource planning, the primary goal of forecasting is to:

A. set goals for hiring employees
B. determine labor supply
C. focus attention on a problem and provide a basis for measuring an organization's success
D. predict labor shortages or surpluses in specific areas of an organization
E. eliminate large numbers of personnel with the goal of enhancing an organization's competitiveness


Answer: D. predict labor shortages and surpluses in specific areas of an organization

T/F: In the context of recruitment sources, referrals are people who apply for a vacancy without prompting from the organization.

T/F: In the context of recruitment sources, referrals are people who apply for a vacancy without prompting from the organization.

Answer: false

Why is temporary employment popular with employers?

Why is temporary employment popular with employers?

A. Temp workers are more committed to the organization
B. It gives them flexibility in operations
C. It allows them to comply with the requirements of affirmative action imposed by the government
D. The quality of work is usually far superior
E. It is most effective for key customer service jobs


Answer: B. It gives them flexibility in operations

Joe, the CEO of TexTel, Inc., studies the structure of his organization and finds that many of its processes are inefficient. His company has a team-oriented culture in which people perform as groups and complete short-term projects to earn revenue. He decides to downsize the organization to increase profits and use the profits to enhance the organization's efficiency. Emily, the company's HR manager, thinks downsizing is detrimental to the organization's growth. Which of them is right?

Joe, the CEO of TexTel, Inc., studies the structure of his organization and finds that many of its processes are inefficient. His company has a team-oriented culture in which people perform as groups and complete short-term projects to earn revenue. He decides to downsize the organization to increase profits and use the profits to enhance the organization's efficiency. Emily, the company's HR manager, thinks downsizing is detrimental to the organization's growth. Which of them is right?

A. Joe is right because downsizing yield slow but long term profits
B. Emily is right because downsizing will affect the organization's team culture and result in poor productivity
C. Joe is right because downsizing is the simplest way to ensure current and future competitiveness
D. Emily is right because downsizing often results in acquisition of companies by other organizations
E. Emily is right because downsizing requires moving to relatively expensive locations


Answer: B. Emily is right because downsizing will affect the organization's team culture and result in poor productivity

In the context of forecasting the demand of labor, using trend analysis, inventory levels, changes in technology, and actions of competitors are examples of _____

In the context of forecasting the demand of labor, using trend analysis, inventory levels, changes in technology, and actions of competitors are examples of _____

A. functional pointers
B. transitional matrices
C. leading indicators
D. performance indicators
E. coincident pointers


Answer: C. leading indicators

General Tools, Inc is a large manufacturing company with branches in different countries in Asia. The company desires to gain competitive advantage by reducing unnecessary process costs. Which of the following is most suitable fro this company to gain competitive advantage?

General Tools, Inc is a large manufacturing company with branches in different countries in Asia. The company desires to gain competitive advantage by reducing unnecessary process costs. Which of the following is most suitable fro this company to gain competitive advantage?

A. The company must consider downsizing by reducing the workforce
B. The company must outsource their work to a location where they can get inexpensive labor that still provides quality output
C. The company must hire new employees who have job skills that enhance productivity
D. The company must hire temporary workers to fill permanent job positions
E. The company must move to a location where raw materials are abundant


Answer: B. The company must outsource their work to a location where they can get inexpensive labor that still provides quality output

Which of the following is an element in the final stage of human resource planning?

Which of the following is an element in the final stage of human resource planning?

A. Evaluating outcomes
B. Estimating labor surplus and shortage
C. Estimating labor demand
D. Forecasting labor supply
E. Strategic planning


Answer: A. Evaluating outcomes